Contents: Introduction; I: Environment: William Lawes and the Lutes, Viols and Voices Andrew Ashbee; William Lawes’s Music for Plays Julia Wood; ‘That Sacred Oratory’: Religion and the Chapel Royal during the personal rule of Charles I Anthony Milton; The True Christmas: Carols at the Court of Charles I David Pinto; Images of Virtue and War: Music in Civil War Oxford Jonathan Wainwright; Paper in English Manuscripts: 1620-1645 Robert Thompson; Wednesday, 24th September, 1645—The Death of William Lawes during the Battle of Rowton Heath at the Siege of Chester Layton Ring; Choices Psalmes: A Brother’s Memorial Andrew Robinson; Formality and Rhetoric in English Fantasia-Suites Christopher Field; New Lamps for Old: the Versions of the Royal Consort David Pinto; The Aire in William Lawes’s Five- and Six-Part Consort Sets for Viols and Organ: A Comparison and Analysis Mark Davenport; Lawes’s Division Viol. Pedigree of an Instrument Annette Otterstedt; William Lawes’s Lyra Viol Music: Some Observations Frank Traficante; Bibliography; Index.