Contents: Introduction: Composing the music of Africa, Malcolm Floyd; Melodic and rhythmic aspects of African music, Christopher James; Part 1: The Making of ‘Traditional Musics’: Egypt: Egyptian folk music, Adel Kamel; Ghana: The roots of Ghanaian composers, James Flolu; Drumming in Ghana, Trevor Wiggins; The xylophone tradition of North-West Ghana, Trevor Wiggins; Uganda: The making of Karimojong’ Cattle Songs, Kenneth Gourlay; Embaire xylophone music of Samusiri Babalanda, Gerhard Kubik; Kenya: Warrior composers: Maasai boys and men, Malcolm Floyd; New lyres in Northern Kenya: the Enchamunge of the Samburu and the Kilumba of the Turkana, Malcolm Floyd; Part II: The Changing Faces of Music: Consumer-led creation: Taarab music composition in Zanzibar, Janet Topp Fargion; Kwela: the structure and sound of pennywhistle music, Lara Allen; Keeping our ears to the ground: cross culturalism and the composer in South Africa, ‘old’ and ‘new’, Hans Roosenschoon; Timbila, Hans Roosenschoon; Black - white - rainbow: a personal view on what African music means to the contemporary Western composer, Geoffrey Poole; Egyptian composition in the twentieth century, Adel Kamel; Index.