This edition of Bartók's popular 'Romanian Folk Dances', in which he used authentic folk melodies, is arranged for cello and piano.

The 'Romanian Folk Dances' undoubtedly rank amongst Bartók's most popular compositions. The earliest version is scored for piano (1915) and was published by Universal Edition in 1918. The composer himself orchestrated this version in 1917. Several other chamber music arrangements (for example, Zoltán Székely's version for violin and piano) were not by Bartók, although he authorised them.